Roanoke+and+Jamestown

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__Bacon’s rebellion__- It was an uprising lead by Nathanial Bacon (29). He was unhappy with how William Berkley friendly policies with the local natives. In response he attacked some local natives with a large angry mob. They also chased William Berkley outside of Jamestown, Virginia and lit the capital on fire. Later, Berkley became the governor again and he executed 23 men who were a part of the rebellion including the new governor, William Drummond. My partner and I choose this to be under the Jamestown section because most of these event happened in that town and Jamestown was destroyed in the process. This is a picture of Nathaniel Bacon leading his rebels throughout Jamestown. -Abtahi, DiCristofano

This is the first House of Burgesses located in Jamestown, Virginia. (Sam Steinfels)
 * __House of Burgesses__**- First elected assembly of English colonists in North America. The Virginia Company established the House to encourage settlement. First meeting was held in Jamestown, Virginia on July 30, 1619. Basis of their system was from British Common Law. Although this gave some representation to those living in the colonies, the Governor and his council was elected in London. This belongs on this page because the House met annually in Jamestown itself.


 * Roanoke**- Founded by Sir Walter Raleigh, this colony was located in present day North Carolina. The colonists mysteriously disappeared during the Anglo-Spanish Wars It is now known as "The Lost Colony." (Kuczak)

Roanoke was placed in this category because it is part of its name. <A drawing of what Roanoke probably looked like.

__John Rolfe__- In 1612, Rolfe began to experiment in Virginia with a harsh strain of tobacco that local Indians had been growing for years. He produced crops of high-quality, and found ready buyers in England. Tobacco cultivation quickly spread up and down the James River. Rolfe was married to Pocahontas, the daughter of the chief of the Powhatan Indians.

Rolfe was placed on the Jamestown page because he lived and farmed in the settlement and spread the cultivation of tobacco up and down the nearby James River.

“A projected image of JohnRolfe, and his wife, Pocahontas, in the 1850’s” **KEVIN KOHLER**

__Powhatans__- The Powhatans were a confederation of Indian tribes, united by common culture and language (Virginian Algonquin) that lived on the land that was settled by the English in 1607 as Jamestown. Chief Powhatan was the famous chief that united the tribes under a confederacy, his daughter was Pocahontas, the wife of tobacco farmer, John Rolfe.

The Powhatans were placed on the Jamestown page because they were the native people of the Jamestown lands and had famous encounters with the English settlers that inhabited Jamestown.

"The encounters between the Powhatans and English were not always as friendly as they seemed." **KEVIN KOHLER**

The **James River** is a river in Virginia that empties into the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. The James fostered the earliest, successful and sustainable English settlements in the Americas—first and foremost, Jamestown. Like Jamestown, the river was named by the London Company who did so in honor of James I—the King of England at the time. Other notable settlements near the James River include Williamsburg, Richmond, Norfolk, and more. This term “James River” belongs on the “Roanoke and Jamestown” page because Jamestown is on the James River and as Jamestown was the first enduring English settlement, the James River was the first colonial river extensively explored and settled by the English.

  
 * Walter Raleigh**- Raleigh planned to colonize the new world. He started with Roanoke Island. He left the community under Governor John White, to return to England for more supplies. When he returned, the village had disappeared giving only the carving CROATOAN as a clue to what had happened. Some theories suggests that the colonists were wiped out by Indians in retaliation of an earlier attack or they joined the Indian's society. After Roanoke, Walter Raleigh was executed by King James I for plotting against him. Walter Raleigh is under this section because he founded Roanoke.

A picture of Walter Raleigh   Jamestown: Jamestown was the first permanent settlement established by the english in America. Jamestown was also the capital of the colony Jamestown island. In addition Jamestown was also founded by the london company. Jamestown belongs on the Roanoke and Jamestown page because, well, it is Jamestown. This is a picture of what Jamestown Would have looked like. Mike Solberg  Tobacco- Tobacco is a plant that was originally cultivated by Native Americans in North America. John Rolfe was the first Englishman to experiment with and cultivate Tobacco in Virginia. Tobacco soon gained popularity throughout Europe and became a major export from the colonies. The farming of the plant also needed large numbers of laborers. The increased need for labor caused more African Americans to transported to the colonies and added to the rising dominance of the slave trade. We decided to put Tobacco under Roanoke and Jamestown because it was here where colonists started producing Tobacco in large quantities. Only centuries later would the true affects of nicotine and tar in tobacco on the human body be revealed. (Trivanovic) This is a picture of the Tobacco Plant. Sir William Berkeley- Sir William Berkeley was one of the first governors of colonial Virginia. He was popular at first as he explored the Blue Ridge Mountains to open up the western border of Virginia. He also organized a force that defeated the Indian uprisings, and captured the chief of the Powhatans, Opechancanough, and against Berkeley's orders, shot and killed him. The population of Virginia doubled from 8,000 to 16,000 and then again to 40,000 under Berkeley's rule. However, his rule was autocratic, and he imposed strict rules on voting. Gradually his popularity declined because he was literally the king of Virginia. This decrease in popularity eventually lead to an uprising lead by Nathaniel Bacon, and was later known as Bacon's Rebellion. (Trivanovic) This is a picture of Sir William Berkeley.

JOHN SMITH- Captain John Smith was an English explorer. He is most known for establishing the first permanent English settlement in America at Jamestown, Virginia. He is also a soldier and author and while leader of Jamestown he explored the Virginian rivers and Chesapeake Bay. I decided to put John Smith in the Jamestown category because he is the one who founded Jamestown, Virginia. Captain John Smith. (Jack O'Connor and Pavel Tamas) __Utopia__: Thomas More wrote //Utopia// in the 1500’s back in Europe. An ideal utopian example supports the idea of a ‘perfect’ society where everything is orderly, people are not driven by selfish desires, and control is established. This idea traveled with the colonists across the Atlantic Ocean and into America. Immigrants came with a hopeful mindset and established peoples became informed of such ideas and also developed high hopes.



Above: Thomas More is the author of //Utopia,// a very influential piece of literature to developing America.

Category rationale: Roanoke and Jamestown were a couple of the first establishments settled in America by the colonists. With them were ideas brought from Europe, such as thoughts of a Utopian society forming in the New World.

(Rinya Kamber and Sharon Shim)